There is a lot in your comment to consider. One of the main reasons I felt like I didn't really need religion, is because in fantasy it is a force for social conflict, and the conflict in my story arises from differences in species and the type of stratified societies they form. Species is the differentiator that rises above nationality and unites or divides people accordingly. It seems to me that it can give rise to a set of social philosophies that are not really religious, but which have a similar organizing effect on society.

Epithets are tricky, although I am pretty good at spotting turns of phrase that have an underlying religious meaning.

I don't intend to draw attention to the lack of religion. I only recently noticed it myself, so I think I will just continue as I started, and take care that something incongruent doesn't slip in. Writing in limited third person should make that easy.